30 August 2026, Volume 24 Issue 8

    

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Power Semiconductor Devices and Drive Circuits
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  Single Isolation Channel Gate Driver Technology with Signal-power Integrated Transmission Based on Time-division Multiplexing

  SONG Shijie, PENG Han

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.1

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  In medium- and high-voltage applications, the traditional isolated gate driver uses dual isolation channels to transfer the drive signal and drive power respectively, which suffers from a long delay, a large size and a high cost. The single isolation channel with signal-power integrated transmission is crucial for achieving the integration, low cost and high performance of power devices and driver systems. A time-division multiplexing transmission architecture and the corresponding method are proposed to overcome the limitations in the existing elementary signal-power integrated transmission methods, such as limited duty cycle, unidirectional transmission and unstable power transfer, providing an efficient and reliable design scheme by focusing on key technologies including the transmission timing, modulation method and implementation circuit. Aimed at the requirement that the drive signal should be transferred with high fidelity in a wide range, the key factors that restrain the drive signal transmission smission of drive signals and compatible transmission of bidirectional signals under the full-duty cycle range of drive signals during the integrated transmission, and an integrated driver based on an isolated flyback converter is developed, enabling the forward transmission of drive signals and power by means of pulse duty-cycle modulation and asynchronous timing, as well the reverse transmission of fault signals realized by pulse amplitude modulation. The compact prototype (20 mm×17 mm×16 mm) adopted a planar printed circuit board (PCB) isolated transformer, and the duty cycle range of drive signals covered 0%-100%, with a signal frequency up to 100 kHz. As a result, the full-duplex integrated transmission of drive signals, drive power and reverse fault signals was realized.
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  Junction Temperature Monitoring Method for SiC MOSFET Based on Turn-on Transient Drain-source Voltage

  DONG Huifen, LI Chan, CHEN Zhoushuai, LIU Songming

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 14-23. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.14

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  Aimed at the widespread problems of low applicability and difficult monitoring in SiC metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (SiC MOSFET) junction temperature monitoring methods, a junction temperature monitoring method based on turn-on transient drain-source voltage is proposed. Due to the existence of power loop inductance during the turn-on process, the turn-on transient drain-source voltage can reflect the change rate of current, and it is negatively correlated with the junction temperature through theoretical deduction. On this basis, a junction temperature estimation model based on turn-on transient drain-source voltage is established using a double-pulse test. Compared with the actual temperature, the junction temperature obtained by the junction temperature estimation model has higher accuracy, while the selected temperature sensitive electrical parameters show load- independence during the turn-on process. In addition, this method is simple to measure and calibrate without destroying the device itself, so it has a wider range of applications.
Power Converter Topologies
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  High-gain Soft-switching DC-DC Converter with Integrated Voltage Doubling Unit

  DING Xinping, DAI Wanyi, QUAN Limin, ZHANG Chunlin, ZHANG Pengcheng, YU Yinhao

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 24-34. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.24

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  In recent years, the development of DC microgrid has put forward requirements of high-gain and high efficiency for high-gain DC-DC converters. Based on the quasi-Z source, a high-gain soft-switching DC-DC converter with integrated voltage doubling unit is proposed. The voltage doubling unit and the coupling inductor improve the voltage Boost capability of the converter. Meanwhile, the energy of leakage inductance of the coupling inductor is recovered through the control of an active clamp structure, so that the switch realizes zero-voltage switching and the diode realizes zero voltage-zero current switching. As a result, the loss of the converter is reduced, and its performance is improved. In addition, the working principle for the converter was studied in detail, and an experimental prototype with rated power of 200 W was fabricated. The prototype was compared with the converters proposed in five references, and the feasibility and superiority of the novel converter were verified.
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  Research on New Cascaded Boost Converter with Switched Capacitor and Its Control Strategies

  WANG Hong, OUYANG Yuankang, ZHAO Shenghua, LI Zhen

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 35-44. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.35

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  To overcome the disadvantages of a double-switch cascaded Boost converter (CBC), a new CBC with switched capacitor (CBC-SC) is proposed, which solves the problem of high switch and diode voltage stress in the CBC by combining a switched capacitor cell with the CBC and further improves the voltage gain. Due to the design of double-switch, this converter can be driven by three different strategies and show different performances. When an interleaved control strategy is adopted, the voltage gain of the converter is significantly improved, and its performance in terms of device voltage stress is also superior. The working principles and performances of the converter under the interleaved, synchronous and complementary control strategies are analyzed, and it is compared with other similar converters. Finally, a 100 W experimental prototype was built, and the feasibility of the converter working under three control strategies and the correctness of the theoretical analysis were verified by experimental results.
Power Converter Modeling and Control
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  MMC-HVDC Circulating Current Suppression Strategy Based on Virtual Impedance and QPR Control

  WANG Junrui, DOU Shuai, WANG Ming

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 45-53. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.45

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  The circulating current between the sub-module bridge arms of a modular multilevel converter-high voltage direct current (MMC-HVDC) transmission system distorts the bridge arm current, thus affecting the balance of capacitor voltage. According to the circuit theorem and working characteristics of a modular multilevel converter (MMC), the problem of circulating current in the second harmonic component and the multi-frequency even-order harmonic component of the MMC is analyzed. The extraction and suppression of the second harmonic component are realized by using a notch filter and a quasi-proportional resonant (QPR) controller. The virtual impedance is added to suppress the multi-frequency even-order harmonic component of circulating current in the MMC. The above suppression strategy simultaneously suppresses the second harmonic component and multi-frequency even-order harmonic component, and the effect of circulating current suppression is obvious, indicating that it is suitable for the circulating current suppression control of MMC-HVDC. Simulation results show that the QPR control strategy with virtual impedance can effectively suppress fluctuations in the MMC circulating current waveform, MMC bridge arm current waveform and MMC-HVDC AC-side current.
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  Research on Global Backflow Power Optimization of Dual Active Bridge DC-DC Converter Based on Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control

  ZHONG Jian, GUAN Weide, LU Junjie, JIANG Peiling, WANG Xuhong, XIA Xiangyang

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 54-64. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.54

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  Aimed at the problem of high backflow power in dual active bridge (DAB) converters under single phase shift modulation, a global backflow power optimization scheme based on dual phase shift modulation and super twisting sliding mode control is proposed. First, the characteristics of a DAB converter in four working modes under dual phase shift modulation are analyzed, a mathematical model is established, and the calculation formulas for the converter’s transmission power and backflow power are derived. Then, an optimization analysis is performed on the backflow power in each of the four working modes, so as to obtain the optimal phase shift ratio combination that produces the minimum backflow power in the global mode. Third, a super twisting sliding mode control algorithm is introduced based on a reduced order model of the DAB converter to further improve the static and dynamic performance of the system. Finally, an experimental comparison was conducted on an OP4512 semi-physical simulation platform based on OPAL-RT, and experimental results verified the effectiveness of the proposed optimization scheme.
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  Full Model Predictive Control for Grid-following Inverters

  LIU Shaolong, HOU Chuanchuan, ZHU Miao

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 65-77. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.65

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  Under the scenario of a power system with high proportion of renewable energy integration and high power electronic penetration (i.e., a “double-high” power system), grid-following inverters rely on phase-locked loop (PLL) to accurately extract the phase of grid voltage. However, problems such as tracking lag and large phase deviation may occur under complex operating conditions. Meanwhile, the traditional grid-connected control strategy based on proportional-integral (PI) regulators involves tedious parameter tuning, which increases the design difficulty of the controller and makes it difficult to adapt to variations in different grid strengths. To address these issues, a full model predictive control (MPC) strategy for grid-following inverters is proposed by leveraging the nonlinear objective constraint handling capability and fast dynamic response characteristics of MPC. First, an MPC-PLL structure under a discrete control set is established to accurately extract the grid voltage phase. Second, continuous control set-model predictive control (CCS-MPC) is adopted to construct an MPC current loop, which can directly output the optimal switching states through control calculations. Finally, an MPC voltage loop with the control objective of DC-side voltage stabilization is built to provide reliable DC-side support and generate the optimal current reference commands. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed full MPC strategy outperforms the traditional PI-based strategy in both the transient and steady-state performance under different operating conditions of weak and strong grids. These results provide a novel reference for the development of control technologies for grid-following inverters and offer theoretical support for the stable operation of large-scale renewable energy grid-connected inverters.
Renewable Energy Generation and Energy Storage
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  Fault Ride Through Recovery Overvoltage Mechanism Analysis and Reactive Current Compensation Suppression of Direct-driven Wind Power Permanent Magnetic Synchronous Generator

  YUAN Zheng, ZI Peng, ZHAO Feng

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 78-88. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.78

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  The recovery overvoltage after the fault ride through of direct-driven wind power permanent magnetic synchronous generators (D-PMSGs) caused by control delay and delayed fault clearing identification may lead to cascading disconnection of generators, which has become a key factor limiting the renewable energy accommodation. Aimed at this problem, the generation mechanism of post-fault terminal overvoltage was quantitatively analyzed, and an analytical expression for the relationship among the terminal voltage, grid parameters and output active/reactive current was derived. A reactive current instruction analytical generation and compensation control method during the fault ride recovery process was proposed, and the logic of strategy start/exit was given. The strategy adaptively adjusts the reactive current reference value of generators according to the grid parameters and measured active current, so as to eliminate the impact of part of the control delay links. The simulation results of a case study show that the proposed control strategy can effectively suppress the overvoltage and mitigate the potential risk of system destabilization after fault clearing, thus improving the safety and stability of the renewable energy grid-connected system.
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  Low Switching Frequency Model Predictive Current Control of DFIG with Inductance Identification Function

  HUANG Siyuan, LIU Shuxi, LIU Ke, TANG Bo, WANG Zihao

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 89-99. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.89

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  Aimed at the problems of poor steady-state performance, high switching loss and susceptibility to changes in motor parameters of duty cycle model predictive current control, the low switching frequency model predictive current control strategy for a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) with an inductance identification function is studied. First, according to the principle of deadbeat control of rotor voltage, six expected voltage vectors are synthesized by distributing the action time of two adjacent basic voltage vectors and zero vectors. Second, a value function is constructed by taking the minimum rotor voltage prediction error and the minimum switching times at the switching points of two adjacent control cycles as the constraint conditions, and six vector combinations are enumerated and optimized. Finally, the d axis and q axis stator and rotor flux state equations are established. The model reference adaptive system (MRAS) algorithm is used to identify the inductance parameters in the motor system online, and the real-time identification results are fed back to the system. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed strategy has good control performance and parameter robustness while effectively reducing the switching frequency.
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  Flexibility Control Method for Wind and Photovoltaic Power Generation Units Based on CRITIC Weight Method

  SONG Pengfei, KANG Pengpeng, MENG Tieqiang, ZHAI Wenhui, ZHANG Xing, TIAN Xiaoyu

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 100-109. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.100

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  At present, the wind and photovoltaic (PV) power generation units still face the problem of a lack of flexibility due to the dual roles of intermittency of resources such as solar and wind energy and real-time fluctuations in power grid. Therefore, the studies of the flexibility assessment of wind and PV power generation units and the corresponding enhancement strategy are critical. Aimed at both the quantification of flexibility assessment and the flexibility control strategies, a flexibility assessment system is explored at first, i.e., the flexibility assessment indexes are selected from the aspects of power output capability, stability, voltage support capability, etc., and the flexibility of wind and PV power generation units under different control strategies is quantified based on the CRITIC weight method. Second, based on the flexibility assessment results, a control strategy with an advantage in flexibility is selected for wind and PV power generation units, and non-perturbative switching is carried out, so as to realize the flexibility control of wind and PV power generation units. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed approach was verified by simulations conducted on a model of a high-power PV grid-connected converter applied in practice.
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  Review of Multi-stack Fuel Cell Architectures and Power Management Strategies

  WU Xiaohua, MAO Jianwei, WANG Xin, YANG Jibin, DENG Pengyi, LI Ying

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 110-120. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.110

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  As the environmental problems escalate, fuel cells have emerged as a pivotal technology in the development of new energy for reducing carbon emissions and optimizing energy structures. Under the application scenarios demanding high power, multi-stack proton exchange membrane fuel cell systems (multi-stack fuel cell systems) demonstrate significant potential. In this context, the research status and progress of multi-stack fuel cell systems are reviewed in detail, focusing on their electrical, fluid and thermal, power management strategies, lifetime, efficiency and hydrogen consumption. In addition, the differences in key indicators such as lifetime, efficiency and hydrogen consumption between multi- and single-stack fuel cell systems are also discussed, with an aim of highlighting the substantial advantages of multi-stack fuel cell systems.
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  SOC Estimation of Lithium-ion Battery Based on Fractional-order Model and FOSVD-MIAUKF

  ZHAO Zhengzheng, FAN Qiuhua, YUAN Zhaokai

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 121-130. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.121

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  To characterize the working characteristics of batteries more accurately, a second-order fractional-order model (FOM) is established based on the fractional-order calculus theory, with a Samsung power lithium-ion battery as the research object. Aimed at the nonlinear and multi-extremum characteristics of the second-order FOM parameters, an adaptive genetic algorithm is adopted for parameter identification. Based on the traditional unscented Kalman filter (UKF) algorithm, a fractional-order singular value decomposition-multi-information adaptive UKF (FOSVD-MIAUKF) algorithm is proposed. Simulation results show that the improved FOSVD-MIAUKF algorithm combined with second-order FOM can better estimate the state-of-charge (SOC) of lithium-ion battery. The root mean square errors under both the dynamic stress test (DST) and federal urban driving schedule (FUDS) conditions are less than 0.5%, which verifies that the improved method has better adaptability and higher accuracy.
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  State-of-charge Estimation of Lithium-ion Battery Based on Modified Ampere-hour Integral Method

  LIANG Ye, CAI Mengye, JIANG Yanfeng, WANG Huigang

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 131-139. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.131

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  The state-of-charge (SOC) of a lithium-ion battery is an important parameter that reflects the state of its remaining energy. To address the issues of the initial SOC being indeterminate and the cumulative error increasing over time in the ampere-hour integral method, an algorithm is proposed to correct the error in the ampere-hour integral method. Through the study of the charge and discharge characteristics of a lithium-ion iron phosphate battery, the open circuit voltage-SOC (OCV-SOC) curve and the DC internal resistance-terminal voltage curve are obtained. The proposed algorithm calibrates the SOC when the battery reaches the full charge condition during charging, and it performs online error calibration based on the battery’s characteristic curves when the values of capacity are 7% in the discharge state respectively. The experimental results show that it can effectively reduce the error in the SOC estimation process and control it within 2.00%, indicating a high estimation accuracy.
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  Estimation Method for SOH of Batteries Based on Wasserstein Distance

  ZHAO Jingjie, HU Conghui

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 140-150. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.140

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  The state-of-health (SOH) estimation of batteries is crucial for ensuring the safe and stable operation of energy storage systems. However, the methods which use fixed voltage segments as model inputs face limitations in practical applications due to varying user habits, and most of the studies based on incremental capacity (IC) analysis still face challenges in selecting the smoothing parameters. A sliding window smoothing method is proposed to obtain smooth IC curves while simplifying the parameter selection process in real-world applications. This method uses two complementary Wasserstein distance calculation methods to evaluate the differences between the target IC curves and reference curves, which serve as health feature (HF) and are combined with the corresponding starting voltages of voltage segments as model inputs. These inputs are further used to train a Gaussian process regression model. Test results indicate that the voltage segments at any position, even those that do not include the IC curve peak, can be used as model inputs to achieve SOH estimation results with a root mean square error (RMSE) below 2%. In addition, the effects of different smoothing parameters, sampling frequencies and estimation models on the estimation results are also analyzed. The analysis results indicate that the extracted HFs exhibit strong robustness, and the model achieves high estimation accuracy.
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  Study on Air-cooled Heat Dissipation of Open-type Lithium-ion Battery Module

  TIAN Gangling, LUO Jun, CHEN Chen, LI Tong, ZHAO Xiaoliang

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 151-160. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.151

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  Temperature is the main factor affecting the safety and operating efficiency of lithium-ion battery energy storage systems, and an excellent thermal management design is helpful in improving the operating temperature environment of batteries, which is the basic guarantee for the safety and high efficiency of energy storage systems. To improve the operating temperature environment of batteries, an open-type air-cooled heat dissipation battery module used in lithium-ion battery energy storage systems was designed, and a numerical simulation method was used to study the effects of fanflow rate, cross-sectional shape of heat dissipation harmonica tubes and the contact heat transfer coefficient between the battery and harmonica tubes on the heat dissipation performance of the air-cooled battery module. Results showed that as the fan flow rate increased from 0.400 m³/min to 2.400 m³/min, both the maximum and minimum temperatures of the air-cooled heat dissipation battery module decreased considerably until an equilibrium was reached. The maximum temperature difference of the battery module decreased from 9.3 ℃ to 6.6 ℃, with a decrease of 2.7 ℃. The air flow distribution rationality of harmonica tubes was improved by changing the harmonica tube cross-sectioal shape from uniform distribution state to partitioned layout, which reduced the maximum temperature difference of the battery module from 6.8 ℃ to 4.5 ℃ at a fan flow rate of 2.000 m³/min, with a substantial decrease of 33.8%. In addition, the overall temperature rise of the air-cooled heat dissipation battery module can be effectively reduced by increasing the contact heat transfer coefficient between the battery and harmonica tubeswithin a certain range.
Power Electronic Dominated Power Systems
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  Parameter Tunning for Grid-forming Energy Storage VSG and Seamless Switching Strategy

  SUN Yifei, ZHOU Jinghua, CHEN Shasha

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 161-169. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.161

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  In traditional power systems, power electronic devices are predominantly governed by grid-following control. However, with the increasing share of renewable energy, new power systems face issues such as a lack of inertia and damping, which threatens the system stability. The grid-forming energy storage technology based on virtual synchronous generator (VSG) can simulate traditional synchronous generator and actively support the system voltage and frequency, thereby enhancing the system stability. As a result, this strategy has attracted widespread attention from scholars. At present, various VSG control strategies have been developed. However, different control strategies result in challenges in unified parameter tuning, and the grid-forming capability may not meet standard requirements in some cases. Firstly, on this basis, parameter tuning is carried out according to national and power industry standards, and an active/reactive power small-signal model is established to ensure that the designed parameters meet national grid-forming standards. Subsequently, grid-forming energy storage VSG need to have seamless switching functionality at the application level, so as to reduce the impact of grid-connected current. Then, a novel pre-synchronization strategy based on eliminating phase-angle jumps is proposed, featuring advantages such as simplicity and ease of engineering implementation. Finally, simulations and experiments valida- ted the feasibility of the proposed parameter design, as well as the effectiveness of the seamless switching strategy.
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  Comprehensive Governance Strategy for Power Quality of Oilfield Distribution Networks Based on Source-grid-load Characteristics

  ZHANG Fan, GU Shenhui, CUI Tianjie, ZHAO Zexi, GUO Ruixi, ZHANG Yan

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 170-180. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.170

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  The unique characteristics of source-grid-load in oilfield distribution networks make the power quality issues particularly prominent. The power quality assessment and comprehensive governance strategies for oilfield distribution networks are studied. By monitoring and tracing the harmonic characteristics of loads at a typical station, the types, features and distribution of harmonic sources are revealed, and the level of power quality is quantitatively assessed. Furthermore, aimed at the harmonic sources, a double-layer harmonic governance scheme using active and passive measures is proposed. Passive filters are designed based on reactive power compensation, and a harmonic optimization compensation objective function for the local power grid is established. Simplified geometric calculations combined with nonlinear programming algorithms are employed to find the optimal solution, thus determining the optimal placement and capacity of active filtering devices in the distribution network. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was validated using an IEEE 33-bus test system. In addition, governance experiments in oilfield the proposed scheme.
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  Neutral-line Voltage Harmonic Suppression for Zhangbei Flexible HVDC Transmission System

  GAO Shuai, JIANG Zhenyu, PANG Fukuan, ZHAO Sixiang

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 181-191. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.181

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  The problem of neutral-line voltage harmonics in Zhangbei flexible HVDC transmission system results in the following effects. The capacitor in a neutral-line voltage transformer will generate harmonic current due to the influence of high-order harmonics in the system, which makes the capacitor device heat up seriously and fail to work accordingly. The switching of capacitors may cause harmonic amplification in the system, which may also affect the stable operation of other electrical equipment nearby and thus pose a major threat to the safety and normal operation of the power system. To solve this problem, first, a harmonic analysis model of an modular multilevel converter (MMC) is established, and the harmonic interaction between AC and DC in a multi-terminal flexible HVDC transmission system is analyzed in detail. Then, the research results of harmonic characteristics of a converter station are further applied to Zhangbei flexible HVDC transmission system, the characteristic harmonics of the neutral-line voltage of the system are obtained. Finally, a model of Zhangbei flexible HVDC transmission system is also built, and a control strategy of DC active damping is adopted to suppress resonance using the PSCAD simulation software, and it is verified that this strategy can effectively suppress harmonics of the neutral- line voltage.
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  Stability Discrimination Method for DC Microgrid Based on CNN-LSTM

  ZHANG Xiaoqi, QIN Mo, XIONG Bo, CAI Hui, LI Lingzhi

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 192-199. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.192

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  To solve the problem of impedance mismatch in a DC microgrid system,a stability discrimination method for DC microgrid based on convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) network is proposed. First,a CNN-LSTM composite network model is constructed,and the basic structure and principle of the proposed method are expounded. Second,a simulation model of the DC microgrid system is built in MATLAB/ Simulink,and a case study is carried out to describe the implementation process of the proposed algorithm in detail. Finally,the performance of the proposed method was compared with those of the artificial neural network (ANN),CNN and LSTM models,and the experimental verification was carried out on a hardware-in-the-loop simulation test platform. Experimental results show that the proposed method can automatically extract features and achieve fast and accurate stability discrimination of the DC microgrid system.
Wireless Power Transfer
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  Data-driven Online Prediction Method for Transmission Efficiency in Laser Wireless Power Transmission

  SUN Liangrong, BAI Yunfeng, KANG Jinsong

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 200-210. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.200

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  The laser wireless power transmission (LWPT) technology offers advantages such as long-range capability, high directivity and high power density, showing great application promise in the fields such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) charging. However, the environmental disturbances including atmospheric scattering, absorption and turbulence induce strong nonlinearity and time-varying characteristics in a medium transmission state. The conventional mechanism models rely on environmental parameters, so they are unsuitable for online awareness. To solve this problem, a feature-attention enhancement neural network (FAENN) is proposed, which enables high-accuracy online prediction of transmission efficiency by only using easily measurable electrical signals such as laser diode current and photovoltaic current. The architecture integrates feature-wise gating with residual connections to balance the modeling capacity and training stability. Experimental results show that this model achieves an R² of 0.995 54 on the test set, significantly outperforming the linear regression, support vector regression and feedforward neural network. On a 6-m LWPT experimental platform, a mean absolute error of only 0.036 kW/m² in irradiance power density prediction was obtained. The proposed method requires no atmospheric sensors, and it has high accuracy, low latency and strong generalization capability, providing reliable state awareness support for intelligent LWPT systems.
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  Constant-current Constant-voltage and Charging Strategies for LVC-LCC IPT System

  XU Xiaoshuai, ZHOU Xiaoming, WU Xiaobo, LIU Yunhai, LU Hao

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 211-219. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.211

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  The wireless power transfer technology is usually employed to charge batteries that come with the load. First, to prolong the battery life, a novel compensation network with constant-current and constant-voltage output characteristics based on a bilateral LCC compensation network is proposed, which can achieve the switching of an introduction power transfer (IPT) system between a constant-current output mode and a constant-voltage output mode by using only one variable capacitor on the primary side, thereby reducing the number of components and AC switches. Second, the corresponding compensation parameter design principles are put forward based on the safe charging strategy, so as to guarantee that the fluctuation rates of load power and power factor angle are within the safety threshold during switching, which improves the charging safety of the system. Finally, a 30.0 W experimental prototype was constructed with constant output voltage of 20.21 V and constant output current of 1.14 A, thus verifying that the novel compensation network has characteristics in constant-current and constant-voltage output modes. During the switching between the output modes, the output power was 19.8 W with a power factor angle of 73.17° in the constant-current mode, and the output power was 26.1 W with a power factor angle of 76.57° in the constant-voltage mode. Therefore, the analysis of the compensation parameter design principle was verified.
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  Research on Design of PDM-based Feedforward Power Compensator for PSK Communication in WPT System

  ZONG Sijia, LI Ming, WANG Chengxuan, ZHENG Yunping, FAN Yanfang

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 220-229. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.220

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  A wireless power transfer (WPT) system usually needs dual-side cooperated control for efficiency optimization and power regulation, which requires the establishment of a wireless communication link between the transmitter and the receiver. Phase shift keying (PSK) communication is a good choice for WPT systems because of its advantages of high security and low hardware cost. However, the converter phase modulation required by the PSK communication will cause output power and voltage fluctuations. The relationship between the phase modulation depth and output fluctuation amplitude is analyzed. Then, a pulse density modulation-based feedforward power compensation method is put forward to compensate for the output voltage fluctuations caused by the PSK communication. Experimental results show that the proposed power compensator can suppress the output voltage fluctuations to an insignificant level without a large output filter capacitor, indicating that the proposed method overcomes the main drawback of PSK communication in WPT systems.
Special Power Supplies
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  Study on Aerospace Secondary Power Supply with Efficiency of 94% Based on GaN

  LÜ Xiaofeng, WANG Yingwu, BA Dejun, XU Chunfei, WANG Yihe, NIU Yuxin

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 230-239. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.230

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  The potential of gallium nitride (GaN) power devices in enhancing the high power density and efficiency of aerospace power systems is focused on, and a 250 W GaN aerospace secondary power supply prototype with an integrated controller and driver is designed. The high-frequency transformer winding structure is optimized by Ansys simulations to improve the output efficiency. Experimental results show that the peak output efficiency of proposed GaN aerospace power supply reached 94%, and its power density was as high as about 12 W/m². Compared with those of the power supply of the same grade silicon device, its efficiency was 3.8% higher, and its power density was 2.7 times higher. In addition, the results of single-particle radiation experiments verified the anti-irradiation characteristics of GaN devices.
Motor Drives and Control
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  Low-speed Sensorless Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Inverter Based on Adaptive Dead-time Compensation Strategy

  ZHANG Kun, ZHANG Hang, CHEN Zhe, MA Hui, LEI Yukun, LUO Guangzhao

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 240-250. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.240

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  First, according to the working characteristics of pump-type loads of an aero permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the sensorless operation of the motor is realized based on a nonlinear flux observer, and an improved time-delay compensation strategy is proposed to obtain the command voltage. Due to the influence of the inverter’s nonlinear time-delay, the phenomena such as an increase in the dq-axis current coupling effect and the time-delay of estimated rotor position will occur in the feedback current, which degrade the sensorless control performance. Then, to address this issue, an adaptive disturbance observer is designed to obtain the q-axis disturbance voltage caused by the inverter’s nonlinear time-delay under full-speed SVPWM modulation. Finally, the compensation time estimated in real time is obtained under the current control strategy with i_d= 0, which is further equivalent to the three-phase voltage compensation value acting on the given three-phase voltage. The proposed nonlinear time-delay com- pensation strategy for inverters put forward was verified by experiments, and results show that the proposed strategy can effectively improve the sensorless control performance of the nonlinear flux observer at low speeds.
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  Hybrid Model Flux Observer of PMSM Considering Phase Compensation and Parameter Mismatch

  XU Anfei, ZHU Xuesong, YUAN Lei

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 251-263. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.251

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  In the traditional hybrid model flux observers (HMFO), errors exist in flux estimation due to phase deviation at low speeds, and the case of parameter mismatch will even bring serious challenges to their stability. To improve the accuracy and parameter robustness of flux observers, a flux observation model taking phase compensation and parameter mismatch into account is adopted, a transfer function for phase compensation is used, and an extended state observer (ESO) is introduced to conduct feedforward compensation for the disturbances caused by parameter mismatch. Finally, phase compensation comparison experiments, parameter robustness experiments, load sudden change experiments and experiments at extremely low speeds for a motor during its startup and in its full speed range were designed. Experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can enhance the system’s robustness with respect to parameter disturbances and improve the estimation accuracy of the system, and they also verify the effectiveness and feasibility of this control strategy.
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  Sensorless Low-speed Control Strategy for Synchronous Reluctance Motor with Tilt Angle Compensation Considering Magnetic Saturation Effect

  SONG Yusheng, GUO Changxing, LI Fengjiao, ZHAO Zi’an, SHEN Chuanwen

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 264-274. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.264

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  A synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) exhibits significant magnetic saturation effect, which will lead to rotor position observation errors when using traditional high-frequency voltage injection methods. To address this issue, a rotor stationary method is employed to detect the flux linkage model of SynRM, and a nonlinear model that accounts for magnetic saturation effect is established. Based on this model, a high-frequency current response model for SynRM is constructed, and its stability is analyzed and optimized. Under heavy-load conditions, the magnetic saturation effect of SynRM intensifies. By introducing injection tilt angle signal compensation in a high-frequency injection reference frame, the instability issue of the rotor position observer is resolved, enhancing the control stability. Under light-load conditions where the saliency of the motor is weak, a q-axis minimum current limitation strategy is designed to improve the motor’s saliency. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed control method achieves stable operation of SynRM under all the operating conditions at zero and low speeds, exhibiting anexcellent control performance.
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  Design Method for Current Decoupling Controller of High-speed PMSM with High Robustness

  XU Ziyue, QIN Jiannan

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 275-285. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.275

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  To enhance the parameter robustness of the current decoupling controller of a high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (HSPMSM), first, a current decoupling controller with high parameter robustness is proposed. Then, a parameter optimization design method is put forward. Based on the zero-pole cancellation principle, the proposed method directly designs the current decoupling controller in the discrete-domain, which can effectively overcome the delay effect of the digital control system under low carrier ratio conditions, thus greatly improving the parameter robustness of the controller. Finally, experimental results based on the HSPMSM verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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  Deadbeat Predictive Current Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Improved Dead-time Compensation Method

  CHEN Yuefeng, LI Jiayao

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 286-295. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.286

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  Deadbeat predictive current control (DPCC) has attracted wide attention of scholars in recent years owing to its advantage of fast dynamic response, and a lot of research results have been achieved. To improve the low-speed steady-state performance of DPCC for permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM), a modified dead-time compensation method is proposed. First, the voltage error caused by the dead-time and the nonlinearity of an inverter is analyzed. Second, the d- and q-axis reference currents are utilized to replace the filtered currents, and three-phase current reconstruction is carried out considering the one-step delay in DPCC. Finally, the influence of current polarity on voltage error calculation is analyzed, and a modified sine function is adopted instead of the conventional switching function to calculate the compensation voltage. Three DPCC methods were compared experimentally, i.e., no dead-time compensation, conventional dead-time compensation and the proposed dead-time compensation algorithm. Results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively eliminate the current distortion at the zero-crossing point and further reduce the current harmonics.
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  Study on Low-speed Performance of Induction Motor Based on Improved Full-order Flux Observer

  KANG Zhixin, LU Yongjie, MIAO Zhongcui

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 296-305. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.296

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  To solve the problem of poor performance in traditional full-order flux observers (FOFO) applied under low-speed scenarios, first, the composition of an FOFO is taken as the starting point, and stator resistance estimation criterion is designed to address the problem of changes in stator resistance during operation. A feedback gain matrix is designed under the condition of ensuring the stable operation of the system, which is further combined with resistance estimation and rotor electrical angular velocity estimation. Then, a model predictive torque control (MPTC) system for the induction motoris is studied, its value function is optimized, and the delay compensation for the control system is performed. Finally, the improved FOFO is applied to the MPTC system, so as to realize speed sensorless control. The enhancement to the low-speed performance of the induction motor by the improved FOFO is verified by simulations. Results show that the MPTC system with the improved FOFO increases the control performance of motor at low speeds, improves the resistance of motor to load disturbances, and enhances the robustness to stator resistance.
EMI/EMC
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  Analysis of Magnetic Field Radiation of IGBT Device and Electromagnetic Interference Issues on Gate Driver Circuit in Sub-module of VSC Valves for HVDC

  YAN Yuyao, PENG Han, YUE Qiaozhi, WANG Manbo, BAI Jiancheng, TONG Qiaoling

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 306-318. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.306

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  The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is a core component in the voltage sourced converter based high-voltage direct-current transmission, and its safe and reliable operation is crucial for ensuring the security of power system. Therefore, it is the most susceptible unit in low-voltage control circuits. The electromagnetic radiation from IGBT devices and the EMI issues within the gate drive voltage are investigated. First, it is clarified that the distance between the driver circuit and the power module is much less than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves generated by IGBT switching, thus focusing on the near-field radiation issues. With the consideration of the complex layout and wiring on the gate driver circuit and the presence of localized copper plating, it is revealed for the first time that the electromagnetic radiation sources on the gate driver circuit are composed of electromagnetic sources generated by the switching of IGBT devices and the electromagnetic scattering sources caused by copper plating on the gate driver circuit, which exhibit characteristics of multi-source interaction. Then, an actual converter valve sub-module was taken as a research object, and experiments were conducted under various switching conditions to fully and accurately determine the spatial magnetic field distribution characteristics of the converter valve sub-module in terms of location, frequency and intensity. In addition, the electromagnetic scattering characteristics on the gate driver circuit and the induced voltage at the driver signal port under the combined effects of electromagnetic scattering and radiation were also verified.
Fault Diagnosis and Reliability
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  Monitoring of Stator Winding Ground Insulation of Inverter-fed Machine Based on Common-mode Circuit

  WANG Chang, LI Shanhu, NIU Feng, DING Yifu, WANG Yun, LIU Lisha

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 319-327. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.319

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  To achieve the monitoring of line-end and internal coil ground insulation of the stator winding for an inverter-fed machine, an insulation monitoring method based on common-mode circuit is proposed. First, based on the common-mode equivalent model of the motor, the impedance characteristics of the common-mode circuit of the motor system at high-frequency in MHz and medium-frequency in kHz were analyzed. Then, based on the common-mode impedance characteristics, the dominant mode and path of common-mode current were analyzed. Theoretically, the relationship among the oscillation frequency of medium- and high-frequency common-mode current, the terminal ground capacitance and the internal ground capacitance of the stator winding was derived. The variational mode decomposition algorithm was used to separate the two modes of common-mode current, and the insulation degradation statuses of the line-end and internal coil of machine stator winding were monitored through high-frequency common- mode current and medium-frequency common-mode current, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed method can sensitively reflect the slight changes in the insulation at the line-end and internal coil of machine stator winding.
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  Optimization of SVM for Circuit Breaker Fault Diagnosis Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

  CHEN Guoping, GAO Huimin, CHEN Mengmeng, RONG Cancan, XIA Chenyang

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 328-338. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.328

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  To enhance the diagnostic accuracy of circuit breaker faults, an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) algorithm is used to optimize the relevant parameters of support vector machine (SVM). Then, a novel IPSO-SVM circuit breaker fault diagnosis model is established, in which the IPSO algorithm enhances the traditional particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm by incorporating chaotic mapping, dynamically adjusting the inertia coefficient and updating the optimal particle strategy. Therefore, the convergence speed and accuracy of the algorithm are improved. Furthermore, the IPSO-SVM fault diagnosis model is constructed based on several typical high-voltage circuit breaker fault types and the actual operation data of one specific circuit breaker. Finally, a comparison with other circuit breaker fault diagnosis models using the same training dataset is performed. Experimental results show that the IPSO-SVM model outperformed other models in terms of diagnostic accuracy and reduced the need for manual intervention, achieving effective fault identification of fault types and ensuring the reliable operation of the circuit breaker’s opening and closing coils.
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  Life Evaluation of DC-DC Power Supply Considering Coupling Effect of Space Radiation and Temperature

  ZONG Yiming, FANG Yanhong, SUO Bin

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 339-346. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.339

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  DC-DC power supplies are simultaneously affected by long-term low-dose-rate radiation and temperature in a space environment. At present, there is no space radiation-temperature coupling effect acceleration model, and how to evaluate the life of DC-DC power supplies under the coupling effect is a challenge. A life evaluation method based on a generalized coupled acceleration model and a response surface acceleration model is proposed. First, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to select the optimal acceleration model and estimate its parameters. Then, the final coupling effect acceleration model is established through model averaging. Finally, a certain type of DC-DC power supply is taken as the object, the coupling relationship analysis of acceleration performance degradation data obtained under different stress combinations is carried out, and the proposed method is used to evaluate the life of DC-DC power supply under the coupling effect, thus verifying the effectiveness of the novel method.
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  High-resistance Fault Detection and Fault-tolerant Control Strategy Based on Residuals

  MA Yuan, LIU Jialin, CHEN Can, XU Guangda, MA Xinsheng, ZHANG Sai

  Journal of Power Supply. 2026, 24(8): 347-354. https://doi.org/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.8.347

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  Aimed at the problem of system voltage imbalance caused by single-phase grounding high-resistance faults in inverter lines in an islanding operation mode of microgrids, a zero-axis high-resistance fault detection and fault-tolerant control method based on a residual generator is proposed to reduce the degree of system voltage imbalance. First, a state space model for the dq0 axis of a four-bridge-arm inverter is established, and the impact of high-resistance faults on output voltage is analyzed. Second, based on the theory of left and right coprime decomposition and Euler parameterization, a residual generator is designed to obtain residuals, and a Butterworth bandpass filter is used to generate zero-axis residual components for fault detection. Third, from the perspective of zero-axis disturbance cancellation, a zero-axis fault-tolerant controller is designed using the model matching theory, which is further solved using a linear matrix inequality method. Finally, high-resistance fault detection and fault-tolerant control experiments were conducted using a PXI semi-physical simulation platform to verify the feasibility of the proposed method.